In what I hope to make a regular Sunday feature, here's a roundup (with some commentary) of the some of the news coming out of Latin America over the last few days. Of course the big news is the election in Peru, which pits Ollanta Humala against Alan Garcia. I'll have something to say about that after the results are known. Recent polls have Garcia in front by a comfortable margin but many feel with the high number of undecided and the reluctancy of many to admit they will vote for Humala (apparently a poll done with a secret ballot produced a much smaller margin between the two candidates) the election is still very much up for grabs. Meanwhile:
Biggest Project Since Panama Canal
(From the Jamaica Observer)
The site for the largest Central American project since the Panama Canal could be designated this weekend when regional leaders meet to discuss plans for a US$6.5 billion multinational oil refinery, Mexico's energy secretary said Thursday...
The refinery, with a capacity of 360,000 barrels a day, will be able to meet the energy needs of Central America's seven nations at US$8 less a barrel than the open-market prices,..
The refinery is the crux of the region's most sweeping energy project to date. It aims to reduce the region's dependence on foreign oil and keep skyrocketing gasoline prices in check.
One argument I've heard against the nationalization of the oil industry in Latin America is that the countries lack refining capabilities, so in the short run this is probably a good thing. However, given the environmental realities and the asleep at the wheel approach of the current administration in Washington it seems to be that it would be a good time to invest heavily in alternative energy. Why can't Latin America become a global leader in this field as it asserts more independence from the United States?
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Morales Starts Land Reform
(From Reuters)
Bolivia's leftist president, Evo Morales, took a first step on Saturday toward handing over a fifth of the country's territory to poor farmers, a day after angry landowners vowed to form self-defense groups.
Morales chose the eastern city of Santa Cruz, the landowners' power base in Bolivia's agricultural heartland, to award 60 titles to 7.8 million acres of former government land to some of the poor peasants who support him...
Between the idle and underutilized land, the exploited land and vast number of poor who have no access to land whatsoever, land reform is absolutely necessary in Latin America. But of course there is more than one way to skin a polluting, absentee exploiter. The operation requires common sense, a certain level of pragmatism and a solid and just plan. There must be some form of decent compensation for those who lose their land (even if one believes the landowners are not deserving it must be done for political reasons), the land expropriated must really be unproductive and there must be concrete plans, assistance and financing for the small time farmers who will take over the land. It cannot be an ideological exercise or it will certainly fail.
And those who insist of forming extra-legal paramilitary groups must be treated as the criminals they are. You lost, now give it up.
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Crazy Speculation
(From The US News and World Report)
Meanwhile, in Bolivia, leftist President Evo Morales is sounding more and more like his soul mate, Venezuela's President Hugo Chavez. Newly elected Morales asserted that the U.S. government has organized groups to kill him, just as Chavez claims that Washington is plotting his overthrow.
The tone here is clearly meant to imply Morales is as nuts as Chavez. And with good reason. It's not like there were a coup attempt to overthrow Chavez that was linked to the U.S. or that the United States has been involved in plots to overthrow leftist leaders in Latin America. That's just crazy talk.
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Tightening Race in Mexico
It looks like it's a dead heat leading up to the July 2 election in Mexico between the (more or less leftist) PRD candidate Manuel Lopez Obrador and the (more or less rightist) PAN candidate Felipe Calderon with each getting approximately 34% in the latest polls. The (more or less 'corruptist') PRI candidate Roberto Madrazo is close behind in third with 30%)
See bloggings by Boz for a host of other poll results from Latin America.
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Bachelet to visit Washington and to be pressured
On June 9 Chilean president Michelle Bachelet will visit Washington. One issue certainly to be discussed is Chile's intention to support Venezuela's bid for a soon-to-be open seat on the Security Council at the UN. From Progreso Weekly ((via Vheadline):
With an arrogance bordering on intimidation, the administration of George W. Bush wishes to impose its will onto Chile's sovereignty and force that country to impede Venezuela's admission to the United Nations Security Council.
That attempt came to light on Sunday, April 28, when the Chilean daily La Tercera published a report -- based on Chilean diplomatic sources -- titled "White House Ultimatum." ...
"A lot worse was the Chilean [foreign] minister's [Alejandro Foxley] meeting with Under Secretary of State Robert Zoellick, who openly displayed his skepticism toward the policy of prudence and what he called -- with a mocking tone -- the 'naive idea' of solidarity within South America. According to [Zoellick], Chile's silence [...] would end up separating the country from the world actors with which it interacts, such as Asia and Europe, and would earn it scant dividends among its neighbors.
The International Forecaster editor Bob Chapman states:
If they apply half the pressure they did on Foxley, Bachelet is liable to walk out.
Man, I'd love to see that.
The very idea of the United States current government using a "mocking tone" with a Latin American government is richly ironic given the "serious" issues US government deals with.
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A Long Overdue Confrontation
Here is a headline from the New York Times today:
Argentine president faces rising criticisms
You might think this points towards an erosion of Kirchner's popularity. In fact I very much hope the opposite occurs. The story is actually about how conservative military elements are beginning to openly criticize the Argentine president. (And frankly it is a weak story with little analysis or perspective).
From the moment Néstor Kirchner became president of Argentina three years ago, sectors of the military have chafed under his criticism and tough human rights policy. But as the president moves ahead with plans to overhaul the armed forces and reduce their authority, those tensions are breaking into the open.
At an Army Day ceremony here last Monday, a few officers turned their backs on Kirchner and another walked offstage as he delivered a speech attacking the armed forces for their past associations with "state terrorism" and for a recent case in which military intelligence was found to be spying on politicians and reporters. The wife of a recently dismissed officer even stood and publicly challenged Kirchner's version of the military's history.
"As president of the nation, I have no fear," Kirchner told the crowd at one point. "I'm not afraid of you." He then left the ceremony without reviewing the troops that had been assembled for him....
I know Argentina reasonably well and I'll tell you. Kirchner demonstrated some serious political courage in standing down the military like that. The only comment supplied by the Times reporter is by some political scientist named Jorge Battaglino who claims Kirchner is overreacting. I'm guessing he didn't have a parent tossed out of an airplane.
While an open confrontation with the military in a country with a history like Argentina's is very dangerous, I believe it a fundamental step in continuing the long and difficult process of truly democratizing the country. I would hope and pray maneuvers by Kirchner such as this one will only make him more popular in the general populace. He will need their support. The following is the kind of sadistic delusional thinking behind the rebellious leaders of the military.
The confrontation Monday followed another outburst on May 24, in which more than 1,000 people, including retired and active duty officers, gathered at a main square here to pay homage to what they called the "victims of guerrilla subversion" in the 1970s. The demonstrators also rained insults on the army commander, General Roberto Bendini, whom they called a "lackey" and "traitor" for carrying out Kirchner's orders, and they attacked a television news reporter.
According to news reports, a retired general at the protest, Miguel Giuliano, accused Kirchner's government of having a "selective and paraplegic memory" regarding the dirty war and of using human rights "for purposes of revenge and political calculation."
Btw, by the time the military dictatorship took over in 1976 virtually all of the extreme leftist insurgents had been killed or were deep in hiding. "Guerilla subversion" my ass.
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